id stringlengths 9 13 | title stringclasses 534
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cop_000001 | Section 1: Short title, extent and commencement. | (1) This Act may be called the Copyright Act, 1957. (2) It extends to the whole of India. (3) It shall come into force on such date 2 as the Central Government may, by notification in the Official Gazette, appoint. | What does sub-section (1) of Section 1 provide? | {
"text": [
"This Act may be called the Copyright Act, 1957."
],
"answer_start": [
4
]
} |
cop_000002 | Section 1: Short title, extent and commencement. | (1) This Act may be called the Copyright Act, 1957. (2) It extends to the whole of India. (3) It shall come into force on such date 2 as the Central Government may, by notification in the Official Gazette, appoint. | Under Section 1, what is stated in sub-section (2)? | {
"text": [
"It extends to the whole of India."
],
"answer_start": [
56
]
} |
cop_000003 | Section 1: Short title, extent and commencement. | (1) This Act may be called the Copyright Act, 1957. (2) It extends to the whole of India. (3) It shall come into force on such date 2 as the Central Government may, by notification in the Official Gazette, appoint. | What does Section 1(3) say? | {
"text": [
"It shall come into force on such date 2 as the Central Government may, by notification in the Official Gazette, appoint."
],
"answer_start": [
94
]
} |
cop_000004 | Section 2: Interpretation. | In this Act, unless the context otherwise requires,— (a) “adaptation” means,— (i) in relation to a dramatic work, the conversion of the work into a non-dramatic work; (ii) in relation to a literary work or an artistic work, the conversion of the work into a dramatic work by way of performance in public or otherwise; (i... | Under Section 2, what does 'adaptation' mean? | {
"text": [
"“adaptation” means,— (i) in relation to a dramatic work, the conversion of the work into a non-dramatic work; (ii) in relation to a literary work or an artistic work, the conversion of the work into a dramatic work by way of performance in public or otherwise; (iii) in relation to a literary or drama... |
cop_000005 | Section 2: Interpretation. | In this Act, unless the context otherwise requires,— (a) “adaptation” means,— (i) in relation to a dramatic work, the conversion of the work into a non-dramatic work; (ii) in relation to a literary work or an artistic work, the conversion of the work into a dramatic work by way of performance in public or otherwise; (i... | How does Section 2 define 'Appellate Board'? | {
"text": [
"“Appellate Board” means the Appellate Board referred to in section 11;"
],
"answer_start": [
785
]
} |
cop_000006 | Section 2: Interpretation. | In this Act, unless the context otherwise requires,— (a) “adaptation” means,— (i) in relation to a dramatic work, the conversion of the work into a non-dramatic work; (ii) in relation to a literary work or an artistic work, the conversion of the work into a dramatic work by way of performance in public or otherwise; (i... | In Section 2, what is meant by 'work of architecture'? | {
"text": [
"work of architecture means any building or structure having an artistic character or design, or any model for such building or structure;"
],
"answer_start": [
860
]
} |
cop_000007 | Section 2: Interpretation. | In this Act, unless the context otherwise requires,— (a) “adaptation” means,— (i) in relation to a dramatic work, the conversion of the work into a non-dramatic work; (ii) in relation to a literary work or an artistic work, the conversion of the work into a dramatic work by way of performance in public or otherwise; (i... | What does the Act say 'artistic work' means in Section 2? | {
"text": [
"“artistic work” means,— (i) a painting, a sculpture, a drawing (including a diagram, map, chart or plan), an engraving or a photograph, whether or not any such work possesses artistic quality; (ii) an work of architectural; and (iii) any other work of artistic craftsmanship;"
],
"answer_start": [... |
cop_000008 | Section 2: Interpretation. | In this Act, unless the context otherwise requires,— (a) “adaptation” means,— (i) in relation to a dramatic work, the conversion of the work into a non-dramatic work; (ii) in relation to a literary work or an artistic work, the conversion of the work into a dramatic work by way of performance in public or otherwise; (i... | Under Section 2, what does 'author' mean? | {
"text": [
"“author” means,— (i) in relation to literary or dramatic work, the author of the work; (ii) in relation to a musical work, the composer; (iii) in relation to an artistic work other than a photograph, the artist; (iv) in relation to a photograph, the person taking the photograph; (v) in relation to a ... |
cop_000009 | Section 2: Interpretation. | In this Act, unless the context otherwise requires,— (dd) “broadcast” means communication to the public— (i) by any means of wireless diffusion, whether in any one or more of the forms of signs, sounds or visual images; or (ii) by wire, and includes a re-broadcast; (e) “calendar year” means the year commencing on the 1... | How does Section 2 define 'broadcast'? | {
"text": [
"“broadcast” means communication to the public— (i) by any means of wireless diffusion, whether in any one or more of the forms of signs, sounds or visual images; or (ii) by wire, and includes a re-broadcast;"
],
"answer_start": [
58
]
} |
cop_000010 | Section 2: Interpretation. | In this Act, unless the context otherwise requires,— (dd) “broadcast” means communication to the public— (i) by any means of wireless diffusion, whether in any one or more of the forms of signs, sounds or visual images; or (ii) by wire, and includes a re-broadcast; (e) “calendar year” means the year commencing on the 1... | In Section 2, what is meant by 'calendar year'? | {
"text": [
"“calendar year” means the year commencing on the 1st day of January;"
],
"answer_start": [
270
]
} |
cop_000011 | Section 2: Interpretation. | In this Act, unless the context otherwise requires,— (dd) “broadcast” means communication to the public— (i) by any means of wireless diffusion, whether in any one or more of the forms of signs, sounds or visual images; or (ii) by wire, and includes a re-broadcast; (e) “calendar year” means the year commencing on the 1... | What does the Act say 'cinematograph film' means in Section 2? | {
"text": [
"“cinematograph film ” means any work of visual recording and includes a sound recording accompanying such visual recording and “cinematograph” shall be construed as including any work produced by any process analogous to cinematography including video films;"
],
"answer_start": [
343
]
} |
cop_000012 | Section 2: Interpretation. | In this Act, unless the context otherwise requires,— (dd) “broadcast” means communication to the public— (i) by any means of wireless diffusion, whether in any one or more of the forms of signs, sounds or visual images; or (ii) by wire, and includes a re-broadcast; (e) “calendar year” means the year commencing on the 1... | In Section 2, what is included within 'commercial rental'? | {
"text": [
"“commercial rental” does not include the rental, lease or lending of a lawfully acquired copy of a computer programme, sound recording, visual recording or cinematograph film for non-profit purposes by a non-profit library or non-profit educational institution. Explanation.—For the purposes of this c... |
cop_000013 | Section 2: Interpretation. | In this Act, unless the context otherwise requires,— (ff) “communication to the public” means making any work or performance available for being seen or heard or otherwise enjoyed by the public directly or by any means o f display or diffusion other than by issuing physical copies of it, whether a simultaneously or at ... | How does Section 2 define 'communication to the public'? | {
"text": [
"“communication to the public” means making any work or performance available for being seen or heard or otherwise enjoyed by the public directly or by any means o f display or diffusion other than by issuing physical copies of it, whether a simultaneously or at places and times chosen individually, r... |
cop_000014 | Section 2: Interpretation. | In this Act, unless the context otherwise requires,— (ff) “communication to the public” means making any work or performance available for being seen or heard or otherwise enjoyed by the public directly or by any means o f display or diffusion other than by issuing physical copies of it, whether a simultaneously or at ... | Under Section 2, what is stated in clause (g)? | {
"text": [
"“delivery”, in relation to a lecture, includes delivery by means of any mechanical instrument or by broadcast;"
],
"answer_start": [
784
]
} |
cop_000015 | Section 2: Interpretation. | In this Act, unless the context otherwise requires,— (ff) “communication to the public” means making any work or performance available for being seen or heard or otherwise enjoyed by the public directly or by any means o f display or diffusion other than by issuing physical copies of it, whether a simultaneously or at ... | In Section 2, what is included within 'dramatic work'? | {
"text": [
"“dramatic work” includes any piece for recitation, chore ographic work or entertainment in dumb show, the scenic arrangement or acting, form of which is fixed in writing or otherwise but does not include a cinematograph film;"
],
"answer_start": [
899
]
} |
cop_000016 | Section 2: Interpretation. | In this Act, unless the context otherwise requires,— (ff) “communication to the public” means making any work or performance available for being seen or heard or otherwise enjoyed by the public directly or by any means o f display or diffusion other than by issuing physical copies of it, whether a simultaneously or at ... | Under Section 2, what does 'duplicating equipment' mean? | {
"text": [
"“duplicating equipment” means any mechanical contrivance or device used or inten ded to be used for making copies of any work; (i) “engravings” include etchings, lithographs, wood -cuts, prints and other similar works, not being photographs;"
],
"answer_start": [
1130
]
} |
cop_000017 | Section 2: Interpretation. | In this Act, unless the context otherwise requires,— (ff) “communication to the public” means making any work or performance available for being seen or heard or otherwise enjoyed by the public directly or by any means o f display or diffusion other than by issuing physical copies of it, whether a simultaneously or at ... | How does Section 2 define 'exclusive licence'? | {
"text": [
"“exclusive licence ” means a licence which confers on the licensee or on the license s and persons authorised by him, to the exclusion of all other persons (including the owner of the copyright), any right comprised in the copyright in a work, and “exclusive licensee ” shall be construed accordingly;... |
cop_000018 | Section 2: Interpretation. | In this Act, unless the context otherwise requires,— (k) “Government work” means a work which is made or published by or und er the direction or control of— (i) the Government or any department of the Government; (ii) any Legislature in India; (iii) any court, tribunal or other judicial authority in India; (I) “Indian ... | In Section 2, what is meant by 'Government work'? | {
"text": [
"“Government work” means a work which is made or published by or und er the direction or control of— (i) the Government or any department of the Government; (ii) any Legislature in India; (iii) any court, tribunal or other judicial authority in India; (I) “Indian work” means a literary, dramatic or mu... |
cop_000019 | Section 2: Interpretation. | In this Act, unless the context otherwise requires,— (k) “Government work” means a work which is made or published by or und er the direction or control of— (i) the Government or any department of the Government; (ii) any Legislature in India; (iii) any court, tribunal or other judicial authority in India; (I) “Indian ... | What does the Act say 'infringing copy' means in Section 2? | {
"text": [
"“infringing copy” means— (i) in relation to a literary, dramatic, musical or artistic work, a reproduction thereof otherwise than in the form of a cinematograph film; (ii) in relation to a cinematographic film, a copy of the film made on any medium by any means; (iii) in relation to a sound recording... |
cop_000020 | Section 2: Interpretation. | In this Act, unless the context otherwise requires,— (k) “Government work” means a work which is made or published by or und er the direction or control of— (i) the Government or any department of the Government; (ii) any Legislature in India; (iii) any court, tribunal or other judicial authority in India; (I) “Indian ... | How does Section 2 describe what 'lecture' includes? | {
"text": [
"“lecture” includes address, speech and sermon;"
],
"answer_start": [
1330
]
} |
cop_000021 | Section 2: Interpretation. | In this Act, unless the context otherwise requires,— (k) “Government work” means a work which is made or published by or und er the direction or control of— (i) the Government or any department of the Government; (ii) any Legislature in India; (iii) any court, tribunal or other judicial authority in India; (I) “Indian ... | In Section 2, what is included within 'literary work'? | {
"text": [
"“literary work” includes computer programmes, tables and compilations including computer databases;"
],
"answer_start": [
1381
]
} |
cop_000022 | Section 2: Interpretation. | In this Act, unless the context otherwise requires,— (k) “Government work” means a work which is made or published by or und er the direction or control of— (i) the Government or any department of the Government; (ii) any Legislature in India; (iii) any court, tribunal or other judicial authority in India; (I) “Indian ... | In Section 2, what is meant by 'musical work'? | {
"text": [
"“musical work” means a work consisting of music and includes any graphical notation of such work but does not include any words or any acti on intended to be sung, spoken or performed with the music;"
],
"answer_start": [
1485
]
} |
cop_000023 | Section 2: Interpretation. | In this Act, unless the context otherwise requires,— (q) “performance”, in relation to performer ’s right, means any visual or acoustic presentation made live by one or more performers; (qq) “performer” includes an actor, singer, musician, danc er, acrobat, juggler, conjurer, snake charmer, a person delivering a lectur... | Under Section 2, what is stated in clause (q)? | {
"text": [
"“performance”, in relation to performer ’s right, means any visual or acoustic presentation made live by one or more performers;"
],
"answer_start": [
57
]
} |
cop_000024 | Section 2: Interpretation. | In this Act, unless the context otherwise requires,— (q) “performance”, in relation to performer ’s right, means any visual or acoustic presentation made live by one or more performers; (qq) “performer” includes an actor, singer, musician, danc er, acrobat, juggler, conjurer, snake charmer, a person delivering a lectur... | In Section 2, what is included within 'performer'? | {
"text": [
"“performer” includes an actor, singer, musician, danc er, acrobat, juggler, conjurer, snake charmer, a person delivering a lecture or any other person who makes a performance;"
],
"answer_start": [
191
]
} |
cop_000025 | Section 2: Interpretation. | In this Act, unless the context otherwise requires,— (q) “performance”, in relation to performer ’s right, means any visual or acoustic presentation made live by one or more performers; (qq) “performer” includes an actor, singer, musician, danc er, acrobat, juggler, conjurer, snake charmer, a person delivering a lectur... | Under Section 2, what does 'photograph' include? | {
"text": [
"“photograph” includes photo-lithograph and any work produced by any process analogous to photography but does not include any part of a cinematograph film;"
],
"answer_start": [
371
]
} |
cop_000026 | Section 2: Interpretation. | In this Act, unless the context otherwise requires,— (q) “performance”, in relation to performer ’s right, means any visual or acoustic presentation made live by one or more performers; (qq) “performer” includes an actor, singer, musician, danc er, acrobat, juggler, conjurer, snake charmer, a person delivering a lectur... | How does Section 2 describe what 'plate' includes? | {
"text": [
"“plate” includes any stereotype or other plate, stone, block, mould, matrix, transfer, negative, duplicating equipment or other device used or intended to be used for printing or reproducing copies of a ny work, and any matrix or other appliance by which sound recording for the acoustic presentation ... |
cop_000027 | Section 2: Interpretation. | In this Act, unless the context otherwise requires,— (q) “performance”, in relation to performer ’s right, means any visual or acoustic presentation made live by one or more performers; (qq) “performer” includes an actor, singer, musician, danc er, acrobat, juggler, conjurer, snake charmer, a person delivering a lectur... | What does the Act say 'prescribed' means in Section 2? | {
"text": [
"“prescribed” means prescribed by rules made under this Act;"
],
"answer_start": [
880
]
} |
cop_000028 | Section 2: Interpretation. | In this Act, unless the context otherwise requires,— (q) “performance”, in relation to performer ’s right, means any visual or acoustic presentation made live by one or more performers; (qq) “performer” includes an actor, singer, musician, danc er, acrobat, juggler, conjurer, snake charmer, a person delivering a lectur... | What does clause (uu) of Section 2 provide? | {
"text": [
"“producer”, in relation to a cinematogra ph film or sound recording, means a person who takes the initiative and responsibility for making the work; (x) “reprography” means the making of copies of a work, by photocopying or similar means;"
],
"answer_start": [
945
]
} |
cop_000029 | Section 2: Interpretation. | In this Act, unless the context otherwise requires,— (q) “performance”, in relation to performer ’s right, means any visual or acoustic presentation made live by one or more performers; (qq) “performer” includes an actor, singer, musician, danc er, acrobat, juggler, conjurer, snake charmer, a person delivering a lectur... | How does Section 2 define 'Right Management Information'? | {
"text": [
"“Right Management Information” means,—"
],
"answer_start": [
1189
]
} |
cop_000030 | Section 2: Interpretation. | In this Act, unless the context otherwise requires,— (q) “performance”, in relation to performer ’s right, means any visual or acoustic presentation made live by one or more performers; (qq) “performer” includes an actor, singer, musician, danc er, acrobat, juggler, conjurer, snake charmer, a person delivering a lectur... | What does Section 2 say in clause (a)? | {
"text": [
"the title or other information identifying the work or performance;"
],
"answer_start": [
1232
]
} |
cop_000031 | Section 2: Interpretation. | In this Act, unless the context otherwise requires,— (q) “performance”, in relation to performer ’s right, means any visual or acoustic presentation made live by one or more performers; (qq) “performer” includes an actor, singer, musician, danc er, acrobat, juggler, conjurer, snake charmer, a person delivering a lectur... | What does clause (b) of Section 2 provide? | {
"text": [
"the name of the author or performer;"
],
"answer_start": [
1304
]
} |
cop_000032 | Section 2: Interpretation. | In this Act, unless the context otherwise requires,— (q) “performance”, in relation to performer ’s right, means any visual or acoustic presentation made live by one or more performers; (qq) “performer” includes an actor, singer, musician, danc er, acrobat, juggler, conjurer, snake charmer, a person delivering a lectur... | Under Section 2, what is stated in clause (c)? | {
"text": [
"the name and address of the owner of rights;"
],
"answer_start": [
1345
]
} |
cop_000033 | Section 2: Interpretation. | In this Act, unless the context otherwise requires,— (q) “performance”, in relation to performer ’s right, means any visual or acoustic presentation made live by one or more performers; (qq) “performer” includes an actor, singer, musician, danc er, acrobat, juggler, conjurer, snake charmer, a person delivering a lectur... | What does Section 2 say in clause (d)? | {
"text": [
"terms and conditions regarding the use of the rights; and"
],
"answer_start": [
1394
]
} |
cop_000034 | Section 2: Interpretation. | In this Act, unless the context otherwise requires,— (q) “performance”, in relation to performer ’s right, means any visual or acoustic presentation made live by one or more performers; (qq) “performer” includes an actor, singer, musician, danc er, acrobat, juggler, conjurer, snake charmer, a person delivering a lectur... | What does clause (e) of Section 2 provide? | {
"text": [
"any number or code that represents the information referred to in sub-clauses"
],
"answer_start": [
1456
]
} |
cop_000035 | Section 2: Interpretation. | In this Act, unless the context otherwise requires,— (a) to (d), but does not include any device or procedure intended to identify the user. (xx) “sound recording” means a recording of sounds from which such sounds may be produce d regardless of the medium on which such recording is made or the method by which the soun... | How does Section 2 describe what 'to (d), but' includes? | {
"text": [
"to (d), but does not include any device or procedure intended to identify the user. (xx) “sound recording” means a recording of sounds from which such sounds may be produce d regardless of the medium on which such recording is made or the method by which the sounds are produced;"
],
"answer_start... |
cop_000036 | Section 2: Interpretation. | In this Act, unless the context otherwise requires,— (a) to (d), but does not include any device or procedure intended to identify the user. (xx) “sound recording” means a recording of sounds from which such sounds may be produce d regardless of the medium on which such recording is made or the method by which the soun... | Under Section 2, what does 'visual recording' mean? | {
"text": [
"“visual recording” means the recording in any medium, by any method including the storing of it by any electronic means, or moving images o r of the representations thereof, from which they can be perceived, reproduced or communicated by any method."
],
"answer_start": [
343
]
} |
cop_000037 | Section 2: Interpretation. | In this Act, unless the context otherwise requires,— (a) to (d), but does not include any device or procedure intended to identify the user. (xx) “sound recording” means a recording of sounds from which such sounds may be produce d regardless of the medium on which such recording is made or the method by which the soun... | How does Section 2 define 'work'? | {
"text": [
"“work” means any of the following works, namely:— (i) a literary, dramatic, musical or artistic work; (ii) a cinematograph film; (iii) sound recording;"
],
"answer_start": [
597
]
} |
cop_000038 | Section 2: Interpretation. | In this Act, unless the context otherwise requires,— (a) to (d), but does not include any device or procedure intended to identify the user. (xx) “sound recording” means a recording of sounds from which such sounds may be produce d regardless of the medium on which such recording is made or the method by which the soun... | In Section 2, what is meant by 'work of joint authorship'? | {
"text": [
"“work of joint authorship ” means a work produced by the collaboration of two or more authors in which the contribution of one author is not distinct from the contribution of the other author or authors;"
],
"answer_start": [
753
]
} |
cop_000039 | Section 2: Interpretation. | In this Act, unless the context otherwise requires,— (a) to (d), but does not include any device or procedure intended to identify the user. (xx) “sound recording” means a recording of sounds from which such sounds may be produce d regardless of the medium on which such recording is made or the method by which the soun... | In Section 2, what is included within 'work of sculpture'? | {
"text": [
"“work of sculpture” includes casts and models."
],
"answer_start": [
962
]
} |
cop_000040 | Section 3: Meaning of publication. | For the purposes of this Act, “publication” means making a work available to the public by issue of copies or by communicating the work to the public. | What does Section 3 provide regarding meaning of publication? | {
"text": [
"For the purposes of this Act, “publication” means making a work available to the public by issue of copies or by communicating the work to the public."
],
"answer_start": [
0
]
} |
cop_000043 | Section 6: Certain disputes to be decided by Appellate Board. | If any question arises— (a) whether a work has been published or as to the date on which a work was published for the purposes of Chapter V, or (b) whether the term of copyright for any work is shorter in any other country than that provided in respect of that work under this Act, it shall be referred to the Appellate ... | What does clause (a) of Section 6 provide? | {
"text": [
"whether a work has been published or as to the date on which a work was published for the purposes of Chapter V, or"
],
"answer_start": [
28
]
} |
cop_000044 | Section 6: Certain disputes to be decided by Appellate Board. | If any question arises— (a) whether a work has been published or as to the date on which a work was published for the purposes of Chapter V, or (b) whether the term of copyright for any work is shorter in any other country than that provided in respect of that work under this Act, it shall be referred to the Appellate ... | Under Section 6, what is stated in clause (b)? | {
"text": [
"whether the term of copyright for any work is shorter in any other country than that provided in respect of that work under this Act, it shall be referred to the Appellate Board constituted under section 11 whose decision thereon shall be final: Provided that if in the opinion of the Appellate Board,... |
cop_000045 | Section 7: Nationality of author where the making of unpublished work is extended over considerable period. | Where, in the case of an unpublished work, the making of the work is extended over a considerable period, the author of the work shall, for the purposes of thi s Act, be deemed to be a citizen of, or domiciled in, that country of which he was a citizen or wherein he was domiciled during any substantial part of that per... | What does Section 7 provide regarding nationality of author where the making of unpublished work is extended over considerable period? | {
"text": [
"Where, in the case of an unpublished work, the making of the work is extended over a considerable period, the author of the work shall, for the purposes of thi s Act, be deemed to be a citizen of, or domiciled in, that country of which he was a citizen or wherein he was domiciled during any substanti... |
cop_000046 | Section 8: Domicile of corporations. | For the purposes of this Act, a body corporate shall be deemed to be domiciled in India if it is incorporated under any law in force in India. | What does Section 8 provide regarding domicile of corporations? | {
"text": [
"For the purposes of this Act, a body corporate shall be deemed to be domiciled in India if it is incorporated under any law in force in India."
],
"answer_start": [
0
]
} |
cop_000047 | Section 9: Copyright Office. | (1) There shall be established for the purposes of this Act an office to be called the Copyright Office. (2) The Copyright Office shall be under the immediate control of the Registrar of Copyrights who shall act under the superintendence and direction of the Central Government. (3) There shall be a seal for the Copyrig... | What does sub-section (1) of Section 9 provide? | {
"text": [
"There shall be established for the purposes of this Act an office to be called the Copyright Office."
],
"answer_start": [
4
]
} |
cop_000048 | Section 9: Copyright Office. | (1) There shall be established for the purposes of this Act an office to be called the Copyright Office. (2) The Copyright Office shall be under the immediate control of the Registrar of Copyrights who shall act under the superintendence and direction of the Central Government. (3) There shall be a seal for the Copyrig... | Under Section 9, what is stated in sub-section (2)? | {
"text": [
"The Copyright Office shall be under the immediate control of the Registrar of Copyrights who shall act under the superintendence and direction of the Central Government."
],
"answer_start": [
109
]
} |
cop_000049 | Section 9: Copyright Office. | (1) There shall be established for the purposes of this Act an office to be called the Copyright Office. (2) The Copyright Office shall be under the immediate control of the Registrar of Copyrights who shall act under the superintendence and direction of the Central Government. (3) There shall be a seal for the Copyrig... | What does Section 9(3) say? | {
"text": [
"There shall be a seal for the Copyright Office."
],
"answer_start": [
283
]
} |
cop_000050 | Section 10: Registrar and Deputy Registrars of Copyrights. | (1) The Central Government shall appoint a Registrar of Copyrights and may appoint one or more Deputy Registrars of Copyrights. (2) A Deputy Registrar of Copyrights shall discharge under the superin tendence and direction of the Registrar of Copyrights such functions of the Registrar under this Act as the Registrar may... | What does sub-section (1) of Section 10 provide? | {
"text": [
"The Central Government shall appoint a Registrar of Copyrights and may appoint one or more Deputy Registrars of Copyrights."
],
"answer_start": [
4
]
} |
cop_000051 | Section 10: Registrar and Deputy Registrars of Copyrights. | (1) The Central Government shall appoint a Registrar of Copyrights and may appoint one or more Deputy Registrars of Copyrights. (2) A Deputy Registrar of Copyrights shall discharge under the superin tendence and direction of the Registrar of Copyrights such functions of the Registrar under this Act as the Registrar may... | Under Section 10, what is stated in sub-section (2)? | {
"text": [
"A Deputy Registrar of Copyrights shall discharge under the superin tendence and direction of the Registrar of Copyrights such functions of the Registrar under this Act as the Registrar may, from time to time, assign to him; and any reference in this Act to the Registrar of Copyrights shall include a ... |
cop_000052 | Section 11: Appellate Board. | (1) The Appellate Board established under section 83 of the Trade Marks Act, 1999 (47 of 1999) shall, on and from the commencement of Part XIV of Chapter VI of the Finance Act, 2017, be the Appellate Board for the purposes of this Act and the said Appellate Board shall exercise the jurisdiction, powers and authority co... | What does sub-section (1) of Section 11 provide? | {
"text": [
"The Appellate Board established under section 83 of the Trade Marks Act, 1999 (47 of 1999) shall, on and from the commencement of Part XIV of Chapter VI of the Finance Act, 2017, be the Appellate Board for the purposes of this Act and the said Appellate Board shall exercise the jurisdiction, powers a... |
cop_000058 | Section 13: Works in which copyright subsists. | (1) Subject to the provisions of this section and the other provisions of this Act, copyright shall subsist throughout India in the following classes of works, that is to say,— (a) original literary, dramatic, musical and artistic works; (b) cinematograph films; and (c) sound recording. (2) Copyright shall not subsist ... | What does sub-section (1) of Section 13 provide? | {
"text": [
"Subject to the provisions of this section and the other provisions of this Act, copyright shall subsist throughout India in the following classes of works, that is to say,— (a) original literary, dramatic, musical and artistic works; (b) cinematograph films; and (c) sound recording."
],
"answer_s... |
cop_000059 | Section 13: Works in which copyright subsists. | (1) Subject to the provisions of this section and the other provisions of this Act, copyright shall subsist throughout India in the following classes of works, that is to say,— (a) original literary, dramatic, musical and artistic works; (b) cinematograph films; and (c) sound recording. (2) Copyright shall not subsist ... | Under Section 13, what is stated in sub-section (2)? | {
"text": [
"Copyright shall not subsist in any work specified in sub -section ( 1), other than a work to which the provisions of section 40 or section 41 apply, unless— (i) in the case of a published work, the work is first published in India, or where the work is first published outside India, the auth or is at... |
cop_000060 | Section 13: Works in which copyright subsists. | (1) Subject to the provisions of this section and the other provisions of this Act, copyright shall subsist throughout India in the following classes of works, that is to say,— (a) original literary, dramatic, musical and artistic works; (b) cinematograph films; and (c) sound recording. (2) Copyright shall not subsist ... | What does Section 13(3) say? | {
"text": [
"Copyright shall not subsist— (a) in any cinematograph film if a substantial part of the film is an infringement of the copyright in any other work; (b) in any sound recording made in respect of a literary, dramatic or musical work, if in making the sound recording, copyright in such work has been inf... |
cop_000061 | Section 13: Works in which copyright subsists. | (1) Subject to the provisions of this section and the other provisions of this Act, copyright shall subsist throughout India in the following classes of works, that is to say,— (a) original literary, dramatic, musical and artistic works; (b) cinematograph films; and (c) sound recording. (2) Copyright shall not subsist ... | What does sub-section (4) of Section 13 provide? | {
"text": [
"The copyright in a cinematograph film or a record shall not affect the separate copyright in any work in respect of which or a substantial part of which, the film, or, as the case may be, the sound recording is made."
],
"answer_start": [
1462
]
} |
cop_000062 | Section 13: Works in which copyright subsists. | (5) In the case of a work of architecture, copyright shall subsist only in the artistic character a nd design and shall not extend to processes or methods of construction. | Under Section 13, what is stated in sub-section (5)? | {
"text": [
"In the case of a work of architecture, copyright shall subsist only in the artistic character a nd design and shall not extend to processes or methods of construction."
],
"answer_start": [
4
]
} |
cop_000070 | Section 16: No copyright except as provided in this Act. | No person shall be entitled to copyright or any similar right in any work, whether published or unpublished, otherwise than under and in accordance with the provisions of this Act or of any other law for the time being in force, but nothing in this section shall be construed as abrogating any right or jurisdiction to r... | What does Section 16 provide regarding no copyright except as provided in this act? | {
"text": [
"No person shall be entitled to copyright or any similar right in any work, whether published or unpublished, otherwise than under and in accordance with the provisions of this Act or of any other law for the time being in force, but nothing in this section shall be construed as abrogating any right o... |
cop_000071 | Section 17: First owner of copyright. | Subject to the provisions of this Act, the author of a work shall be the first owner of the copyright therein: Provided that— (a) in the case of a literary, dramatic or artistic work made by the author in the cou rse of his employment by the proprietor of a newspaper, magazine or similar periodical under a contract of ... | What does clause (a) of Section 17 provide? | {
"text": [
"in the case of a literary, dramatic or artistic work made by the author in the cou rse of his employment by the proprietor of a newspaper, magazine or similar periodical under a contract of service or apprentice ship, for the purpose of publication in a newspaper, magazine or similar periodical, the ... |
cop_000072 | Section 17: First owner of copyright. | Subject to the provisions of this Act, the author of a work shall be the first owner of the copyright therein: Provided that— (a) in the case of a literary, dramatic or artistic work made by the author in the cou rse of his employment by the proprietor of a newspaper, magazine or similar periodical under a contract of ... | Under Section 17, what is stated in clause (b)? | {
"text": [
"subject to the provisions of clause ( a), in the case of a photograph taken, or a painting or portrait drawn, or an engraving or a cinemato graph film made, for valuable consideration at the instance of any person, such person shall, in the absence of any agreement to the contrary, be the first owner... |
cop_000073 | Section 17: First owner of copyright. | Subject to the provisions of this Act, the author of a work shall be the first owner of the copyright therein: Provided that— (a) in the case of a literary, dramatic or artistic work made by the author in the cou rse of his employment by the proprietor of a newspaper, magazine or similar periodical under a contract of ... | What does Section 17 say in clause (c)? | {
"text": [
"in the case of a work made in the course of the author ’s employment under a contract of service or apprenticeship, to which clause ( a) or clause"
],
"answer_start": [
1174
]
} |
cop_000074 | Section 17: First owner of copyright. | Subject to the provisions of this Act, the author of a work shall be the first owner of the copyright therein: Provided that— (a) in the case of a literary, dramatic or artistic work made by the author in the cou rse of his employment by the proprietor of a newspaper, magazine or similar periodical under a contract of ... | What does clause (b) of Section 17 provide? | {
"text": [
"does not apply, the employer shall, in the absence of any agreement to the contrary, be the first owner of the copyright therein;"
],
"answer_start": [
1325
]
} |
cop_000075 | Section 17: First owner of copyright. | Subject to the provisions of this Act, the author of a work shall be the first owner of the copyright therein: Provided that— (cc) in the case of any address or spee ch delivered in public, the person who has delivered such address or speech or if such person has delivered such address or speech on behalf of any other ... | Under Section 17, what is stated in clause (cc)? | {
"text": [
"in the case of any address or spee ch delivered in public, the person who has delivered such address or speech or if such person has delivered such address or speech on behalf of any other person, such other person shall be the first owner of the copyright therein notwithstanding that the person who ... |
cop_000076 | Section 17: First owner of copyright. | Subject to the provisions of this Act, the author of a work shall be the first owner of the copyright therein: Provided that— (cc) in the case of any address or spee ch delivered in public, the person who has delivered such address or speech or if such person has delivered such address or speech on behalf of any other ... | What does Section 17 say in clause (d)? | {
"text": [
"in the case of a Government work, Government shall, in the absence of any agreement to the contrary, be the first owner of the copyright therein;"
],
"answer_start": [
693
]
} |
cop_000077 | Section 17: First owner of copyright. | Subject to the provisions of this Act, the author of a work shall be the first owner of the copyright therein: Provided that— (cc) in the case of any address or spee ch delivered in public, the person who has delivered such address or speech or if such person has delivered such address or speech on behalf of any other ... | In Section 17, what is meant by 'in the case of a work made or first published by or under the direction or control of any public undertaking, such public undertaking shall, in the absence of any agreement to the contrary, be the first owner of the copyright therein. Explanation.—For the purpose of this clause and sect... | {
"text": [
"in the case of a work made or first published by or under the direction or control of any public undertaking, such public undertaking shall, in the absence of any agreement to the contrary, be the first owner of the copyright therein. Explanation.—For the purpose of this clause and section 28A, “publ... |
cop_000078 | Section 17: First owner of copyright. | Subject to the provisions of this Act, the author of a work shall be the first owner of the copyright therein: Provided that— (cc) in the case of any address or spee ch delivered in public, the person who has delivered such address or speech or if such person has delivered such address or speech on behalf of any other ... | Under Section 17, what is stated in clause (e)? | {
"text": [
"in the case of a work to which t he provisions of section 41 apply, the international organisation concerned shall be the first owner of the copyright therein. Provided that in case of any work incorporated in a cinematograph work, nothing contained in clauses ( b) and ( c) shall affect t he right of... |
cop_000082 | Section 19: Mode of assignment. | (1) No assignment of the copyright in any work shall be valid unless it is in writing signed by the assignor or by his duly authorised agent. (2) The assignment of copyright in any work shall identify such work, and shall specify the rights assigned and the duration and territorial extent of such assignment. (3) The as... | What does sub-section (1) of Section 19 provide? | {
"text": [
"No assignment of the copyright in any work shall be valid unless it is in writing signed by the assignor or by his duly authorised agent."
],
"answer_start": [
4
]
} |
cop_000083 | Section 19: Mode of assignment. | (1) No assignment of the copyright in any work shall be valid unless it is in writing signed by the assignor or by his duly authorised agent. (2) The assignment of copyright in any work shall identify such work, and shall specify the rights assigned and the duration and territorial extent of such assignment. (3) The as... | Under Section 19, what is stated in sub-section (2)? | {
"text": [
"The assignment of copyright in any work shall identify such work, and shall specify the rights assigned and the duration and territorial extent of such assignment."
],
"answer_start": [
146
]
} |
cop_000084 | Section 19: Mode of assignment. | (1) No assignment of the copyright in any work shall be valid unless it is in writing signed by the assignor or by his duly authorised agent. (2) The assignment of copyright in any work shall identify such work, and shall specify the rights assigned and the duration and territorial extent of such assignment. (3) The as... | What does Section 19(3) say? | {
"text": [
"The assignment of copyright in any work shall also specify the amount of royalty and any other consideration payable , to the author or his legal heirs during the currency of the assignment and the assignment shall be subject to revision, extension or termination on terms mutually agreed upon by the ... |
cop_000085 | Section 19: Mode of assignment. | (1) No assignment of the copyright in any work shall be valid unless it is in writing signed by the assignor or by his duly authorised agent. (2) The assignment of copyright in any work shall identify such work, and shall specify the rights assigned and the duration and territorial extent of such assignment. (3) The as... | What does sub-section (4) of Section 19 provide? | {
"text": [
"Where the assigne e does not exercise the rights assigned to him under any of the other sub-sections of this section within period of one year from the date of assignment, the assignment in respect of such right shall be deemed to have lapsed after the e xpiry of the said period unless otherwise spec... |
cop_000086 | Section 19: Mode of assignment. | (1) No assignment of the copyright in any work shall be valid unless it is in writing signed by the assignor or by his duly authorised agent. (2) The assignment of copyright in any work shall identify such work, and shall specify the rights assigned and the duration and territorial extent of such assignment. (3) The as... | Under Section 19, what is stated in sub-section (5)? | {
"text": [
"If the period of assignment is not stated, it shall be deemed to be five years from the date of assignment."
],
"answer_start": [
958
]
} |
cop_000087 | Section 19: Mode of assignment. | (1) No assignment of the copyright in any work shall be valid unless it is in writing signed by the assignor or by his duly authorised agent. (2) The assignment of copyright in any work shall identify such work, and shall specify the rights assigned and the duration and territorial extent of such assignment. (3) The as... | What does Section 19(6) say? | {
"text": [
"If the territorial extent of assignment of the rights is not specifie d, it shall be presumed to extend within India."
],
"answer_start": [
1070
]
} |
cop_000088 | Section 19: Mode of assignment. | (1) No assignment of the copyright in any work shall be valid unless it is in writing signed by the assignor or by his duly authorised agent. (2) The assignment of copyright in any work shall identify such work, and shall specify the rights assigned and the duration and territorial extent of such assignment. (3) The as... | What does sub-section (7) of Section 19 provide? | {
"text": [
"Nothing in sub -section ( 2) or sub -section ( 3) or sub -section ( 4) or sub -section ( 5) or sub-section ( 6) shall be applicable to assignments made before the coming into force of the Copyright (Amendment) Act, 1994."
],
"answer_start": [
1192
]
} |
cop_000089 | Section 19: Mode of assignment. | (1) No assignment of the copyright in any work shall be valid unless it is in writing signed by the assignor or by his duly authorised agent. (2) The assignment of copyright in any work shall identify such work, and shall specify the rights assigned and the duration and territorial extent of such assignment. (3) The as... | Under Section 19, what is stated in sub-section (8)? | {
"text": [
"The assignment of copyright in any work contrary to the terms and conditions of the rights already assigned to a copyright society in which the author of the work is a member shall be void."
],
"answer_start": [
1417
]
} |
cop_000090 | Section 19: Mode of assignment. | (9) No assignment of copyright in any work to make a cinematograph film shall affect the right of the author of the work to claim an equal share of royalties and consideration payable in case of utilisa tion of the work in any form other than for the communication to the public of t he work, along with the cinematograp... | What does Section 19(9) say? | {
"text": [
"No assignment of copyright in any work to make a cinematograph film shall affect the right of the author of the work to claim an equal share of royalties and consideration payable in case of utilisa tion of the work in any form other than for the communication to the public of t he work, along with t... |
cop_000091 | Section 19: Mode of assignment. | (9) No assignment of copyright in any work to make a cinematograph film shall affect the right of the author of the work to claim an equal share of royalties and consideration payable in case of utilisa tion of the work in any form other than for the communication to the public of t he work, along with the cinematograp... | What does sub-section (10) of Section 19 provide? | {
"text": [
"No assignment of the copyright in any work to make a sound recording which does not form part of any cinematograph film shall affect the right of the author of the work to claim an equal sha re of royalties and consideration payable for any utilisation of such work in any form."
],
"answer_start"... |
cop_000092 | Section 19A: Disputes with respect to assignment of copyright. | (1) If an assignee fails to make sufficient exercise of the rights assigned to him, and such failure is not at tributable to any act or omission of the assignor, then, the Appellate Board may, on receipt of a complaint from the assignor and after holding such inquiry as it may deem necessary, revoke such assignment. (2... | What does sub-section (1) of Section 19A provide? | {
"text": [
"If an assignee fails to make sufficient exercise of the rights assigned to him, and such failure is not at tributable to any act or omission of the assignor, then, the Appellate Board may, on receipt of a complaint from the assignor and after holding such inquiry as it may deem necessary, revoke such... |
cop_000093 | Section 19A: Disputes with respect to assignment of copyright. | (1) If an assignee fails to make sufficient exercise of the rights assigned to him, and such failure is not at tributable to any act or omission of the assignor, then, the Appellate Board may, on receipt of a complaint from the assignor and after holding such inquiry as it may deem necessary, revoke such assignment. (2... | Under Section 19A, what is stated in sub-section (2)? | {
"text": [
"If any dispute arises with respect to the assignment of any copyright, the Appellate Board may, on receipt of a complaint from the aggrieved party and after holding such inquiry as it considers necessary, pass such order as it may deem fit including an order for the recovery of any royalty payable: P... |
cop_000094 | Section 19A: Disputes with respect to assignment of copyright. | (1) If an assignee fails to make sufficient exercise of the rights assigned to him, and such failure is not at tributable to any act or omission of the assignor, then, the Appellate Board may, on receipt of a complaint from the assignor and after holding such inquiry as it may deem necessary, revoke such assignment. (2... | What does Section 19A(3) say? | {
"text": [
"Every complaint received under sub -section (2) shall be dealt with by the Appellate Board as far as possible and efforts shall be made to pass the final order in the matter within a period of six months from the date of receipt of the complaint and any delay in compliance of the same, the Appellate ... |
cop_000095 | Section 20: Transmission of copyright in manuscript by testamentary disposition. | Where under a bequest a person is entitled to the manuscript of a literary, dramatic or musical work, or to an artistic work, and t he work was not published before the death of the testator, the bequest shall, unless the contrary intention is indicated in the testator ’s will or any codicil thereto, be construed as in... | What does Section 20 provide regarding transmission of copyright in manuscript by testamentary disposition? | {
"text": [
"Where under a bequest a person is entitled to the manuscript of a literary, dramatic or musical work, or to an artistic work, and t he work was not published before the death of the testator, the bequest shall, unless the contrary intention is indicated in the testator ’s will or any codicil thereto,... |
cop_000096 | Section 21: Right of author to relinquish copyright. | (1) The author of a work may relinquish all or any of the rights comprised in the copyright in the work by giving notice in the prescribed form to the Registrar of Copyrights or by way of public notice and thereupon such rights shall, subject to the provisions of sub-section (3), cease to exist from the date of the not... | What does sub-section (1) of Section 21 provide? | {
"text": [
"The author of a work may relinquish all or any of the rights comprised in the copyright in the work by giving notice in the prescribed form to the Registrar of Copyrights or by way of public notice and thereupon such rights shall, subject to the provisions of sub-section (3), cease to exist from the ... |
cop_000097 | Section 21: Right of author to relinquish copyright. | (1) The author of a work may relinquish all or any of the rights comprised in the copyright in the work by giving notice in the prescribed form to the Registrar of Copyrights or by way of public notice and thereupon such rights shall, subject to the provisions of sub-section (3), cease to exist from the date of the not... | Under Section 21, what is stated in sub-section (2)? | {
"text": [
"On receipt of a notice under sub -section ( 1), the Registrar of Copyrights shall cause it to be published in the Official Gazette and in such other manner as he may deem fit."
],
"answer_start": [
329
]
} |
cop_000098 | Section 21: Right of author to relinquish copyright. | (1) The author of a work may relinquish all or any of the rights comprised in the copyright in the work by giving notice in the prescribed form to the Registrar of Copyrights or by way of public notice and thereupon such rights shall, subject to the provisions of sub-section (3), cease to exist from the date of the not... | What does Section 21(2A) say? | {
"text": [
"The Registrar of Copyright shall, within fourteen days from the publication of the notice in the Official Gazette, post the notice on the official website of the Copyright Office so as to remain in the public domain for a period of not less than three years."
],
"answer_start": [
510
]
} |
cop_000099 | Section 21: Right of author to relinquish copyright. | (1) The author of a work may relinquish all or any of the rights comprised in the copyright in the work by giving notice in the prescribed form to the Registrar of Copyrights or by way of public notice and thereupon such rights shall, subject to the provisions of sub-section (3), cease to exist from the date of the not... | What does sub-section (3) of Section 21 provide? | {
"text": [
"The relinquishment of all or any of the rights comprised in the copyright in a work shall not affect any rights subsisting in favour of any person on the date of notice referred to in sub-section (1)."
],
"answer_start": [
773
]
} |
cop_000100 | Section 22: Term of copyright in published lite rary, dramatic, musical and artistic works. | Except as otherwise hereinafter provided, copyright shall subsist in any literary, dramatic, musical or artistic work published within the lifetime of the author until sixty years from the beginning of th e calendar year next following the year in which the author dies. Explanation.—In this section the reference to the... | What does Section 22 provide regarding term of copyright in published lite rary, dramatic, musical and artistic works? | {
"text": [
"Except as otherwise hereinafter provided, copyright shall subsist in any literary, dramatic, musical or artistic work published within the lifetime of the author until sixty years from the beginning of th e calendar year next following the year in which the author dies. Explanation.—In this section t... |
cop_000101 | Section 23: Term of copyright in a nonymous and pseudonymous works. | (1) In the case of literary, dramatic, musical or artistic work (other than a photograph), which is published anonymously or pseudonymously, copyright shall subsist until sixty years from the beginning of the calendar ye ar next following the year in which the work is first published: Provided that where the identity o... | What does sub-section (1) of Section 23 provide? | {
"text": [
"In the case of literary, dramatic, musical or artistic work (other than a photograph), which is published anonymously or pseudonymously, copyright shall subsist until sixty years from the beginning of the calendar ye ar next following the year in which the work is first published: Provided that where... |
cop_000102 | Section 23: Term of copyright in a nonymous and pseudonymous works. | (1) In the case of literary, dramatic, musical or artistic work (other than a photograph), which is published anonymously or pseudonymously, copyright shall subsist until sixty years from the beginning of the calendar ye ar next following the year in which the work is first published: Provided that where the identity o... | Under Section 23, what is stated in sub-section (2)? | {
"text": [
"In sub -section ( 1), references to the author shall, in the case of an anonymous work of joint authorship, be construed,— (a) where the identity of one of the authors is disclosed, as references to that author; (b) where the identity of more authors than one is disclosed, as references to the author... |
cop_000103 | Section 23: Term of copyright in a nonymous and pseudonymous works. | (3) In sub -section ( 1), references to the author sha ll, in the case of a pseudonym s work of j oint authorship, be construed,— (a) where the names of one or more (but not all) of the aut hors are pseudonyms and his or their identity is not disclosed, as references to the author wh ose name is not a pseudonym, or, if... | What does Section 23(3) say? | {
"text": [
"In sub -section ( 1), references to the author sha ll, in the case of a pseudonym s work of j oint authorship, be construed,— (a) where the names of one or more (but not all) of the aut hors are pseudonyms and his or their identity is not disclosed, as references to the author wh ose name is not a ps... |
cop_000104 | Section 24: Term of copyright in posthumous work. | (1) In the case of a literary, dramatic or musical work or an engraving, in which copyright subsists at the date of the death of the author or, in the case of any such work of joint authorship, at or immediately before the date of the death of the author who dies last, but which, or any adaptation of which, has not bee... | What does sub-section (1) of Section 24 provide? | {
"text": [
"In the case of a literary, dramatic or musical work or an engraving, in which copyright subsists at the date of the death of the author or, in the case of any such work of joint authorship, at or immediately before the date of the death of the author who dies last, but which, or any adaptation of whi... |
cop_000105 | Section 24: Term of copyright in posthumous work. | (1) In the case of a literary, dramatic or musical work or an engraving, in which copyright subsists at the date of the death of the author or, in the case of any such work of joint authorship, at or immediately before the date of the death of the author who dies last, but which, or any adaptation of which, has not bee... | Under Section 24, what is stated in sub-section (2)? | {
"text": [
"For the purposes of this section a literary, dramatic or musical work or an adaptation of any such work shall be deemed to have been published, if it has been performed in public or if any sound recordings made in respect of the work have been sold to the public or have been offered for sale to the p... |
cop_000106 | Section 26: Term of copyright in cinematograph films. | In the case of a cinemato graph film, copyright shall subsists until sixty years from the beginning of the calendar year next following the year in which the film is published. | What does Section 26 provide regarding term of copyright in cinematograph films? | {
"text": [
"In the case of a cinemato graph film, copyright shall subsists until sixty years from the beginning of the calendar year next following the year in which the film is published."
],
"answer_start": [
0
]
} |
cop_000107 | Section 27: Term of copyright in sound recording. | In the case a sound recording copyright shall subsist until sixty years from the beginning of the calendar year next following the year in which the sound recording is published. | What does Section 27 provide regarding term of copyright in sound recording? | {
"text": [
"In the case a sound recording copyright shall subsist until sixty years from the beginning of the calendar year next following the year in which the sound recording is published."
],
"answer_start": [
0
]
} |
cop_000111 | Section 30: Licences by owners of copyright. | The owner of the copyright in any existing work o r the prospective owner of the copyright in any future work may grant any interest in the right by licence in writing by him or by his duly authorised agent: Provided that in th e case of a licence relating to copyright in any future work, the licence shall take effect ... | What does Section 30 provide regarding licences by owners of copyright? | {
"text": [
"The owner of the copyright in any existing work o r the prospective owner of the copyright in any future work may grant any interest in the right by licence in writing by him or by his duly authorised agent: Provided that in th e case of a licence relating to copyright in any future work, the licence... |
cop_000113 | Section 31: Compulsory licence in works withheld from public. | (1) If at any time during the term o f copyright in any work which has been published or performed in public, a complaint is made to the Appellate Board that the owner of copyright in the work— (a) has refus ed to re publish or allow the republication of the work or has refused to allow the performance in public of the... | What does sub-section (1) of Section 31 provide? | {
"text": [
"If at any time during the term o f copyright in any work which has been published or performed in public, a complaint is made to the Appellate Board that the owner of copyright in the work— (a) has refus ed to re publish or allow the republication of the work or has refused to allow the performance i... |
cop_000114 | Section 31A: Compulsory licence in unpublished or published works. | (1) Where, in the case of any unpublished work or any work published or communicated to the publi c and the work is withheld from the public in India, the author is dead or unknown or cannot be traced, or the owner of the copyright in such work cannot be found, any person may apply to the Appellate Board for a licence ... | What does sub-section (1) of Section 31A provide? | {
"text": [
"Where, in the case of any unpublished work or any work published or communicated to the publi c and the work is withheld from the public in India, the author is dead or unknown or cannot be traced, or the owner of the copyright in such work cannot be found, any person may apply to the Appellate Board... |
cop_000115 | Section 31A: Compulsory licence in unpublished or published works. | (1) Where, in the case of any unpublished work or any work published or communicated to the publi c and the work is withheld from the public in India, the author is dead or unknown or cannot be traced, or the owner of the copyright in such work cannot be found, any person may apply to the Appellate Board for a licence ... | Under Section 31A, what is stated in sub-section (2)? | {
"text": [
"Before making an application under sub-section (1), the applicant shall publish his proposal in one issue of a daily newspaper in the English language having circulation in the major part of the country and where the application is for the publication of a translation in any language, also in one iss... |
cop_000116 | Section 31A: Compulsory licence in unpublished or published works. | (1) Where, in the case of any unpublished work or any work published or communicated to the publi c and the work is withheld from the public in India, the author is dead or unknown or cannot be traced, or the owner of the copyright in such work cannot be found, any person may apply to the Appellate Board for a licence ... | What does Section 31A(3) say? | {
"text": [
"Every such application shall be made in such form as may be prescribed and shall be accompanied with a copy of the advertisement issued under sub-section (2) and such fee as may be prescribed."
],
"answer_start": [
765
]
} |
cop_000117 | Section 31A: Compulsory licence in unpublished or published works. | (1) Where, in the case of any unpublished work or any work published or communicated to the publi c and the work is withheld from the public in India, the author is dead or unknown or cannot be traced, or the owner of the copyright in such work cannot be found, any person may apply to the Appellate Board for a licence ... | What does sub-section (4) of Section 31A provide? | {
"text": [
"Where an application is made to the Appellate Board under this section, it may after holding such inquiry as may be prescribed, direct the Registrar of C opyrights to grant to the applicant a licence to publish the work or a translation thereof in the language mentioned in the application subject to ... |
cop_000118 | Section 31A: Compulsory licence in unpublished or published works. | (5) Where a licence is granted under this section, the Registrar of Copyrights may, by order, direct the applicant to deposit the amount of the royalty determined by the Appellate Board in the public account of India or in any other account specified by the Appellate Board so as to enable the owner of the copyright or,... | Under Section 31A, what is stated in sub-section (5)? | {
"text": [
"Where a licence is granted under this section, the Registrar of Copyrights may, by order, direct the applicant to deposit the amount of the royalty determined by the Appellate Board in the public account of India or in any other account specified by the Appellate Board so as to enable the owner of th... |
cop_000119 | Section 31A: Compulsory licence in unpublished or published works. | (5) Where a licence is granted under this section, the Registrar of Copyrights may, by order, direct the applicant to deposit the amount of the royalty determined by the Appellate Board in the public account of India or in any other account specified by the Appellate Board so as to enable the owner of the copyright or,... | What does Section 31A(6) say? | {
"text": [
"Without prejudice to the foregoing provisions of this section, in the case of a work referred to in sub-section (1), if the original author is dead, the Central Government may, if it considers that the publication of the work is desirable in the national interest, require the heirs, executors or lega... |
cop_000120 | Section 31A: Compulsory licence in unpublished or published works. | (5) Where a licence is granted under this section, the Registrar of Copyrights may, by order, direct the applicant to deposit the amount of the royalty determined by the Appellate Board in the public account of India or in any other account specified by the Appellate Board so as to enable the owner of the copyright or,... | What does sub-section (7) of Section 31A provide? | {
"text": [
"Where any work is not published wi thin the period specified by the Central Government under sub-section ( 6), the Appellate Board may, on an application made by any person for permission to publish the work and after hearing the parties concerned, permit such publication on payment of su ch royalty ... |
cop_000121 | Section 31B: Compulsory licence for benefit of disabled. | (1) Any person working for the benefit of persons with disability on a profit basis or for business may apply to the Appellate Board, in such form and manner and accompanied by such fee as may be prescribed, for a compulsory licence to published any work in which copyright subsists for the benefit of such persons, in a... | What does sub-section (1) of Section 31B provide? | {
"text": [
"Any person working for the benefit of persons with disability on a profit basis or for business may apply to the Appellate Board, in such form and manner and accompanied by such fee as may be prescribed, for a compulsory licence to published any work in which copyright subsists for the benefit of suc... |
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IndicIPR-QA: A Benchmark for Extractive Question Answering over Indian Intellectual Property Rights Statutes
Dataset Summary
IndicIPR-QA is a research dataset for extractive question answering over Indian Intellectual Property Rights statutes. It contains 4,462 QA pairs generated from 1,116 unique statutory paragraphs across seven Acts: the Patents Act, Trade Marks Act, Copyright Act, Designs Act, Geographical Indications of Goods Act, Semiconductor Integrated Circuits Layout-Design Act, and Protection of Plant Varieties and Farmers' Rights Act.
Repository Structure
This repository contains the following files in the data/ directory:
merged_ip_qa.jsonl: The full curated dataset of 4,462 QA pairs.train_squad.jsonl/val_squad.jsonl/test_squad.jsonl: The dataset split at the statute-section level and formatted in standard SQuAD JSONL format.synthetic_contexts_large_merged.jsonl: 13,211 synthetic statutory-style contexts generated by Gemma 3:12b for Domain-Adaptive Pretraining (DAPT).pretraining_contexts_v2.jsonl: Combined original and synthetic contexts for MLM pretraining.
Usage
You can load the data directly using the Hugging Face datasets library.
1. Load the standard Train/Validation/Test splits:
from datasets import load_dataset
dataset = load_dataset(
"niloycste68/IndicIPRExtractiveQA",
data_files={
"train": "data/train_squad.jsonl",
"validation": "data/val_squad.jsonl",
"test": "data/test_squad.jsonl"
}
)
print(dataset) # Returns a DatasetDict containing all three splits
2. Load the full un-split merged dataset (all 4,462 pairs):
from datasets import load_dataset
full_dataset = load_dataset("niloycste68/IndicIPRExtractiveQA", data_files="data/merged_ip_qa.jsonl", split="train")
Loading the Pretraining and Synthetic Contexts
In addition to the main QA datasets, this repository also includes synthetic contexts and pretraining corpora. You can load these files using the data_files parameter in the load_dataset function.
Load the Synthetic Contexts
from datasets import load_dataset
synthetic_contexts = load_dataset(
"niloycste68/indicipr-qa",
data_files="data/synthetic_contexts_large_merged.jsonl"
)
print(synthetic_contexts)
Load the Pretraining Contexts
from datasets import load_dataset
pretraining_contexts = load_dataset(
"niloycste68/indicipr-qa",
data_files="data/pretraining_contexts_v2.jsonl"
)
print(pretraining_contexts)
Citation
If you use this dataset, please cite the corresponding papers:
For the dataset paper (IndicIPR-QA Benchmark):
@inproceedings{islam2026indiciprdataset,
title = {{IndicIPR-QA}: A Benchmark for Extractive Question Answering
over Indian Intellectual Property Rights Statutes},
author = {Islam, M Mohaiminul and Abulaish, M},
booktitle = {Proceedings of [Conference Name]},
year = {2026}
}
For the combined journal paper (Synthetic DAPT & Models):
@article{islam2026synthetic,
title = {Synthetic Domain-Adaptive Pretraining for Extractive Question Answering over {Indian} Intellectual Property Statutes},
author = {Islam, M Mohaiminul and Abulaish, M},
journal = {[Journal/Venue Name]},
year = {2026}
}
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